妈妈育儿网

主页 > 怀孕 > 症状 >

孕检检查出染色体异常怎么办？染色体异常是由什么导致的？

发布日期：2024-06-19 09:56:37编辑：秩名


染色体异常是怎么回事

惊！聪明爸妈居然会生出智障孩儿？原来是染色体异常惹的祸！相信大家在日常生活中都会或多或少见过一些智力迟钝的孩子，他们反应迟钝或引不出进食困难，患儿智力及精神发育明显异常。但是他们的爸妈都是正常人啊？为什么会这样？医生给出的结果是染色体异常。那么染色体异常究竟是怎么回事呢？妈网百科马上为大家来科普一下这方面的知识。
 
染色体是基因的载体，染色体病即染色体异常，故而导致基因表达异常机体发育异常。染色体畸变的发病机制不明，可能由于细胞分裂后期染色体发生不分离或染色体在体内外各种因素影响下发生断裂和重新连接所致。
 
染色体异常的原因有很多，人们所处的环境，吃的、用的都会影响到染色体的异变，还有就是从父或母传递而来，即由遗传而来。另外自身免疫性疾病似乎在染色体不分离中起一定作用，如甲状腺原发性自身免疫抗体增高与家族性染色体异常之间有密切相关性。
 
所以说，为了让自己后代不受到染色体异常的影响，及早了解关于这方面的知识点非常重要。
 

染色体异常的原因

万万没想到，天然辐射也会导致染色体异常！说到染色体异常这个词语，可能很多人都不是很熟悉，其实这样的病症并不罕见，人群中每五百人就可能有一人是染色体异常，而且它的发生没有性别的差异，男性和女性均可发生。那么为什么会有染色体异常呢？着急，接下来妈网百科就来给大家扒一扒染色体异常的原因。
 
1、物理因素：人类所处的辐射环境，包括天然辐射和人工辐射。长期暴露辐射环境、辐射X射线照射会导致染色体异常。
 
2、化学因素：人们在日常生活中接触到各种各样的化学物质，有的是天然产物，有的是人工合成，它们会通过饮食、呼吸或皮肤接触等途径进入人体，而引起染色体畸变。
 
3、生物因素：当以病毒处理培养中的细胞时，往往会引起多种类型的染色体畸变，包括断裂、粉碎化和互换等。
 
4、母龄效应：胎儿在6—7个月龄时，所有卵原细胞已全部发展为初级卵母细胞，并从第一次减数分裂前期进入核网期，此时染色体再次松散舒展，宛如同前胞核，一直维持到青春期排卵之前。随着母龄的增长，在母体内外许多因素的影响下，卵子也可能发生许多衰老变化，影响成熟分裂中同对染色体间的相互关系和分裂后期的行动，促成了染色体间的不分离。
 
5、遗传因素：父或母传递而来，即由遗传而来。
 
6、自身免疫性疾病：自身免疫性疾病似乎在染色体不分离中起一定作用，如甲状腺原发性自身免疫抗体增高与家族性染色体异常之间有密切相关性。
 

染色体异常的症状

染色体是我们遗传基因的重要载体，粑粑麻麻的遗传物质就是通过染色体遗传给宝宝的，所以说如果染色体异常，那么宝宝的健康就得不到保障了，还真的是不能掉以轻心。那么在日常生活中怎么知道自己的孩子有没有染色体异常呢？妈网百科马上为大家来讲解一下染色体异常的症状，想要一探究竟的你岂能错过下面的内容呢？
 
1、Down综合征：患儿出生时即有某些病理特征，随年龄增长症状变得明显，颅面部表现为圆头，低鼻梁，上颌骨发育不全可致面部扁平，嘴呈微张状，舌体肥大有深裂，常伸出口外，故称伸舌样痴呆，内眦赘皮常遮盖部分内眦，患者睑裂可轻微向上，向外倾斜，形成蒙古样面容，耳朵位置低，呈卵圆形，耳垂小，可见虹膜灰-白色斑点，即布鲁什菲尔德点，囟门明显，闭合晚。
 
2、13三体综合征：患儿表现为小头，前额凸出，小眼，虹膜缺损，角膜浑浊，嗅觉缺失，耳位低，唇腭裂，毛细血管瘤，多指(趾)畸形，手指弯曲，足跟后凸，右位心，脐疝，听力缺陷，肌张力过高及严重精神发育迟滞等，患儿多死于儿童早期。
 
3、猫叫综合征：患儿生后数周至数月出现小猫叫样哭声，严重精神发育迟滞，眼间距过远，内眦赘皮折叠(epicanthalfolds)，短头畸形，满月脸，反先天愚型样睑裂歪曲，小颌，肌张力减退和斜视等。
 
4、Turner综合征：患者身材矮小，颈部有蹼，脸呈三角形，小下颏，乳头间距宽，指(趾)弯曲，肘外翻和指甲发育不全，可伴五官距离过远，内眦赘皮折叠，可有性发育迟缓及中度精神发育迟滞等。
 
5、Prader-Willi及Angelman综合征：患儿表现为肌张力降低，腱反射消失，身材矮小，面容变形，生殖器明显发育障碍，出生时可有关节弯曲等，1年后出现明显精神发育迟滞或智力低下(hypomentia)，由于过度进食变得肥胖。
 

染色体异常的危害

秒藏！染色体异常的三大危害知多少！或许大家会觉得染色体异常离自己很遥远，病并没有太重视，其实这样的病症并不罕见，人群中每五百人就可能有一人是染色体异常，而且危害性是非常高的呢。不信，那就赶紧过来围观吧。
 
染色体异常最坏的影响就是让出生的宝宝天生就带有缺陷了，作为父母的哪个不心疼自己的宝贝呢？染色体异常给孩子带来的危害，详细请看下面：
 
危害一：唐氏症候群
 
唐氏症候群是染色体异常疾病的一种。其特征包括两眼分得较开、外眼角往上扬、内眼角的皱褶较厚、嘴巴常开且舌头伸出来、手掌有横断掌面的掌纹、双手的小指头向内弯曲而且外表看来只有两节。
 
危害二：爱德华氏症
 
第18对染色体若有3个，称为“爱德华氏症”。外观上最具特征的是手部：食指会叠在中指上，小指叠在无名指上。颜面部与心脏、肾脏的异常自不在话下。这些婴儿出生时体重多半不足，90％的个案在周岁内死亡，活过周岁的也多半是重度智障，所以一旦诊断确定，便不做任何积极的治疗。
 
危害三：巴陶氏症
 
当第13对染色体出现3个，称为“巴陶氏症”。这些婴儿有很严重的异常，包括唇裂与颚裂、前脑发育不良、先天性心脏病等，往往活不过周岁，即使活过周岁，也是重度智障，因此多半不考虑积极的治疗。
 
虽然说如果出现了染色体异常是人力无法改变和治愈的，但我们却可以通过人的社会生活习惯、营养以及环境毒素等措施，大大降低降低染色体异常风险。
 

染色体异常应该怎么治疗

染色体异常怎么破？尽早治疗是关键！染色体异常是一种不分性别的病症，男女都有可能会患有。染色体异常如果发生在男性身上，会导致男性出现少精无精的情况，那发生女性身上就会影响胎儿的稳定，造成流产，因此男女朋友都不容忽视。那么染色体异常可以怎么治疗呢？且听妈网百科的建议。
 
染色体异常的治愈是很困难的，只能防微杜渐，提前预防。因此，推行婚检、遗传咨询、染色体检测、产前诊断等预防方法是很必要的，如果有生出患儿的危险，可选择性人工流产等措施，防止患儿出生。目前治疗以症状治疗及器官畸形矫正为主，基因治疗、细胞治疗、替代治疗也正发展中。但是染色体异常治疗困难，疗效不满意，导致的先天性智能障碍的治疗，也尚无有效药物，可尝试中药或康复训练。
点击展开全部

猜你喜欢

编辑推荐

热门阅读

相关推荐

怀孕周期

Weibo Article 1 Weibo Article 2 Weibo Article 3 Weibo Article 4 Weibo Article 5 Weibo Article 6 Weibo Article 7 Weibo Article 8 Weibo Article 9 Weibo Article 10 Weibo Article 11 Weibo Article 12 Weibo Article 13 Weibo Article 14 Weibo Article 15 Weibo Article 16 Weibo Article 17 Weibo Article 18 Weibo Article 19 Weibo Article 20 Weibo Article 21 Weibo Article 22 Weibo Article 23 Weibo Article 24 Weibo Article 25 Weibo Article 26 Weibo Article 27 Weibo Article 28 Weibo Article 29 Weibo Article 30 Weibo Article 31 Weibo Article 32 Weibo Article 33 Weibo Article 34 Weibo Article 35 Weibo Article 36 Weibo Article 37 Weibo Article 38 Weibo Article 39 Weibo Article 40 Weibo Article 41 Weibo Article 42 Weibo Article 43 Weibo Article 44 Weibo Article 45 Weibo Article 46 Weibo Article 47 Weibo Article 48 Weibo Article 49 Weibo Article 50 Weibo Article 51 Weibo Article 52 Weibo Article 53 Weibo Article 54 Weibo Article 55 Weibo Article 56 Weibo Article 57 Weibo Article 58 Weibo Article 59 Weibo Article 60 Weibo Article 61 Weibo Article 62 Weibo Article 63 Weibo Article 64 Weibo Article 65 Weibo Article 66 Weibo Article 67 Weibo Article 68 Weibo Article 69 Weibo Article 70 Weibo Article 71 Weibo Article 72 Weibo Article 73 Weibo Article 74 Weibo Article 75 Weibo Article 76 Weibo Article 77 Weibo Article 78 Weibo Article 79 Weibo Article 80 Weibo Article 81 Weibo Article 82 Weibo Article 83 Weibo Article 84 Weibo Article 85 Weibo Article 86 Weibo Article 87 Weibo Article 88 Weibo Article 89 Weibo Article 90 Weibo Article 91 Weibo Article 92 Weibo Article 93 Weibo Article 94 Weibo Article 95 Weibo Article 96 Weibo Article 97 Weibo Article 98 Weibo Article 99 Weibo Article 100 Weibo Article 101 Weibo Article 102 Weibo Article 103 Weibo Article 104 Weibo Article 105 Weibo Article 106 Weibo Article 107 Weibo Article 108 Weibo Article 109 Weibo Article 110 Weibo Article 111 Weibo Article 112 Weibo Article 113 Weibo Article 114 Weibo Article 115 Weibo Article 116 Weibo Article 117 Weibo Article 118 Weibo Article 119 Weibo Article 120 Weibo Article 121 Weibo Article 122 Weibo Article 123 Weibo Article 124 Weibo Article 125 Weibo Article 126 Weibo Article 127 Weibo Article 128 Weibo Article 129 Weibo Article 130 Weibo Article 131 Weibo Article 132 Weibo Article 133 Weibo Article 134 Weibo Article 135 Weibo Article 136 Weibo Article 137 Weibo Article 138 Weibo Article 139 Weibo Article 140 Weibo Article 141 Weibo Article 142 Weibo Article 143 Weibo Article 144 Weibo Article 145 Weibo Article 146 Weibo Article 147 Weibo Article 148 Weibo Article 149 Weibo Article 150 Weibo Article 151 Weibo Article 152 Weibo Article 153 Weibo Article 154 Weibo Article 155 Weibo Article 156 Weibo Article 157 Weibo Article 158 Weibo Article 159 Weibo Article 160 Weibo Article 161 Weibo Article 162 Weibo Article 163 Weibo Article 164 Weibo Article 165 Weibo Article 166 Weibo Article 167 Weibo Article 168 Weibo Article 169 Weibo Article 170 Weibo Article 171 Weibo Article 172 Weibo Article 173 Weibo Article 174 Weibo Article 175 Weibo Article 176 Weibo Article 177 Weibo Article 178 Weibo Article 179 Weibo Article 180 Weibo Article 181 Weibo Article 182 Weibo Article 183 Weibo Article 184 Weibo Article 185 Weibo Article 186 Weibo Article 187 Weibo Article 188 Weibo Article 189 Weibo Article 190 Weibo Article 191 Weibo Article 192 Weibo Article 193 Weibo Article 194 Weibo Article 195 Weibo Article 196 Weibo Article 197 Weibo Article 198 Weibo Article 199 Weibo Article 200 Weibo Article 201 Weibo Article 202 Weibo Article 203 Weibo Article 204 Weibo Article 205 Weibo Article 206 Weibo Article 207 Weibo Article 208 Weibo Article 209 Weibo Article 210 Weibo Article 211 Weibo Article 212 Weibo Article 213 Weibo Article 214 Weibo Article 215 Weibo Article 216 Weibo Article 217 Weibo Article 218 Weibo Article 219 Weibo Article 220 Weibo Article 221 Weibo Article 222 Weibo Article 223 Weibo Article 224 Weibo Article 225 Weibo Article 226 Weibo Article 227 Weibo Article 228 Weibo Article 229 Weibo Article 230 Weibo Article 231 Weibo Article 232 Weibo Article 233 Weibo Article 234 Weibo Article 235 Weibo Article 236 Weibo Article 237 Weibo Article 238 Weibo Article 239 Weibo Article 240 Weibo Article 241 Weibo Article 242 Weibo Article 243 Weibo Article 244 Weibo Article 245 Weibo Article 246 Weibo Article 247 Weibo Article 248 Weibo Article 249 Weibo Article 250 Weibo Article 251 Weibo Article 252 Weibo Article 253 Weibo Article 254 Weibo Article 255 Weibo Article 256 Weibo Article 257 Weibo Article 258 Weibo Article 259 Weibo Article 260 Weibo Article 261 Weibo Article 262 Weibo Article 263 Weibo Article 264 Weibo Article 265 Weibo Article 266 Weibo Article 267 Weibo Article 268 Weibo Article 269 Weibo Article 270 Weibo Article 271 Weibo Article 272 Weibo Article 273 Weibo Article 274 Weibo Article 275 Weibo Article 276 Weibo Article 277 Weibo Article 278 Weibo Article 279 Weibo Article 280 Weibo Article 281 Weibo Article 282 Weibo Article 283 Weibo Article 284 Weibo Article 285 Weibo Article 286 Weibo Article 287 Weibo Article 288 Weibo Article 289 Weibo Article 290 Weibo Article 291 Weibo Article 292 Weibo Article 293 Weibo Article 294 Weibo Article 295 Weibo Article 296 Weibo Article 297 Weibo Article 298 Weibo Article 299 Weibo Article 300 Weibo Article 301 Weibo Article 302 Weibo Article 303 Weibo Article 304 Weibo Article 305 Weibo Article 306 Weibo Article 307 Weibo Article 308 Weibo Article 309 Weibo Article 310 Weibo Article 311 Weibo Article 312 Weibo Article 313 Weibo Article 314 Weibo Article 315 Weibo Article 316 Weibo Article 317 Weibo Article 318 Weibo Article 319 Weibo Article 320 Weibo Article 321 Weibo Article 322 Weibo Article 323 Weibo Article 324 Weibo Article 325 Weibo Article 326 Weibo Article 327 Weibo Article 328 Weibo Article 329 Weibo Article 330 Weibo Article 331 Weibo Article 332 Weibo Article 333 Weibo Article 334 Weibo Article 335 Weibo Article 336 Weibo Article 337 Weibo Article 338 Weibo Article 339 Weibo Article 340 Weibo Article 341 Weibo Article 342 Weibo Article 343 Weibo Article 344 Weibo Article 345 Weibo Article 346 Weibo Article 347 Weibo Article 348 Weibo Article 349 Weibo Article 350 Weibo Article 351 Weibo Article 352 Weibo Article 353 Weibo Article 354 Weibo Article 355 Weibo Article 356 Weibo Article 357 Weibo Article 358 Weibo Article 359 Weibo Article 360 Weibo Article 361 Weibo Article 362 Weibo Article 363 Weibo Article 364 Weibo Article 365 Weibo Article 366 Weibo Article 367 Weibo Article 368 Weibo Article 369 Weibo Article 370 Weibo Article 371 Weibo Article 372 Weibo Article 373 Weibo Article 374 Weibo Article 375 Weibo Article 376 Weibo Article 377 Weibo Article 378 Weibo Article 379 Weibo Article 380 Weibo Article 381 Weibo Article 382 Weibo Article 383 Weibo Article 384 Weibo Article 385 Weibo Article 386 Weibo Article 387 Weibo Article 388 Weibo Article 389 Weibo Article 390 Weibo Article 391 Weibo Article 392 Weibo Article 393 Weibo Article 394 Weibo Article 395 Weibo Article 396 Weibo Article 397 Weibo Article 398 Weibo Article 399 Weibo Article 400 Weibo Article 401 Weibo Article 402 Weibo Article 403 Weibo Article 404 Weibo Article 405 Weibo Article 406 Weibo Article 407 Weibo Article 408 Weibo Article 409 Weibo Article 410 Weibo Article 411 Weibo Article 412 Weibo Article 413 Weibo Article 414 Weibo Article 415 Weibo Article 416 Weibo Article 417 Weibo Article 418 Weibo Article 419 Weibo Article 420 Weibo Article 421 Weibo Article 422 Weibo Article 423 Weibo Article 424 Weibo Article 425 Weibo Article 426 Weibo Article 427 Weibo Article 428 Weibo Article 429 Weibo Article 430 Weibo Article 431 Weibo Article 432 Weibo Article 433 Weibo Article 434 Weibo Article 435 Weibo Article 436 Weibo Article 437 Weibo Article 438 Weibo Article 439 Weibo Article 440 Weibo Article 441 Weibo Article 442 Weibo Article 443 Weibo Article 444 Weibo Article 445 Weibo Article 446 Weibo Article 447 Weibo Article 448 Weibo Article 449 Weibo Article 450 Weibo Article 451 Weibo Article 452 Weibo Article 453 Weibo Article 454 Weibo Article 455 Weibo Article 456 Weibo Article 457 Weibo Article 458 Weibo Article 459 Weibo Article 460 Weibo Article 461 Weibo Article 462 Weibo Article 463 Weibo Article 464 Weibo Article 465 Weibo Article 466 Weibo Article 467 Weibo Article 468 Weibo Article 469 Weibo Article 470 Weibo Article 471 Weibo Article 472 Weibo Article 473 Weibo Article 474 Weibo Article 475 Weibo Article 476 Weibo Article 477 Weibo Article 478 Weibo Article 479 Weibo Article 480 Weibo Article 481 Weibo Article 482 Weibo Article 483 Weibo Article 484 Weibo Article 485 Weibo Article 486 Weibo Article 487 Weibo Article 488 Weibo Article 489 Weibo Article 490 Weibo Article 491 Weibo Article 492 Weibo Article 493 Weibo Article 494 Weibo Article 495 Weibo Article 496 Weibo Article 497 Weibo Article 498 Weibo Article 499 Weibo Article 500 Weibo Article 501 Weibo Article 502 Weibo Article 503 Weibo Article 504 Weibo Article 505 Weibo Article 506 Weibo Article 507 Weibo Article 508 Weibo Article 509 Weibo Article 510 Weibo Article 511 Weibo Article 512 Weibo Article 513 Weibo Article 514 Weibo Article 515 Weibo Article 516 Weibo Article 517 Weibo Article 518 Weibo Article 519 Weibo Article 520 Weibo Article 521 Weibo Article 522 Weibo Article 523 Weibo Article 524 Weibo Article 525 Weibo Article 526 Weibo Article 527 Weibo Article 528 Weibo Article 529 Weibo Article 530 Weibo Article 531 Weibo Article 532 Weibo Article 533 Weibo Article 534 Weibo Article 535 Weibo Article 536 Weibo Article 537 Weibo Article 538 Weibo Article 539 Weibo Article 540 Weibo Article 541 Weibo Article 542 Weibo Article 543 Weibo Article 544 Weibo Article 545 Weibo Article 546 Weibo Article 547 Weibo Article 548 Weibo Article 549 Weibo Article 550 Weibo Article 551 Weibo Article 552 Weibo Article 553 Weibo Article 554 Weibo Article 555 Weibo Article 556 Weibo Article 557 Weibo Article 558 Weibo Article 559 Weibo Article 560 Weibo Article 561 Weibo Article 562 Weibo Article 563 Weibo Article 564 Weibo Article 565 Weibo Article 566 Weibo Article 567 Weibo Article 568 Weibo Article 569 Weibo Article 570 Weibo Article 571 Weibo Article 572 Weibo Article 573 Weibo Article 574 Weibo Article 575 Weibo Article 576 Weibo Article 577 Weibo Article 578 Weibo Article 579 Weibo Article 580 Weibo Article 581 Weibo Article 582 Weibo Article 583 Weibo Article 584 Weibo Article 585 Weibo Article 586 Weibo Article 587 Weibo Article 588 Weibo Article 589 Weibo Article 590 Weibo Article 591 Weibo Article 592 Weibo Article 593 Weibo Article 594 Weibo Article 595 Weibo Article 596 Weibo Article 597 Weibo Article 598 Weibo Article 599 Weibo Article 600 Weibo Article 601 Weibo Article 602 Weibo Article 603 Weibo Article 604 Weibo Article 605 Weibo Article 606 Weibo Article 607 Weibo Article 608 Weibo Article 609 Weibo Article 610 Weibo Article 611 Weibo Article 612 Weibo Article 613 Weibo Article 614 Weibo Article 615 Weibo Article 616 Weibo Article 617 Weibo Article 618 Weibo Article 619 Weibo Article 620 Weibo Article 621 Weibo Article 622 Weibo Article 623 Weibo Article 624 Weibo Article 625 Weibo Article 626 Weibo Article 627 Weibo Article 628 Weibo Article 629 Weibo Article 630 Weibo Article 631 Weibo Article 632 Weibo Article 633 Weibo Article 634 Weibo Article 635 Weibo Article 636 Weibo Article 637 Weibo Article 638 Weibo Article 639 Weibo Article 640 Weibo Article 641 Weibo Article 642 Weibo Article 643 Weibo Article 644 Weibo Article 645 Weibo Article 646 Weibo Article 647 Weibo Article 648 Weibo Article 649 Weibo Article 650 Weibo Article 651 Weibo Article 652 Weibo Article 653 Weibo Article 654 Weibo Article 655 Weibo Article 656 Weibo Article 657 Weibo Article 658 Weibo Article 659 Weibo Article 660 Weibo Article 661 Weibo Article 662 Weibo Article 663 Weibo Article 664 Weibo Article 665 Weibo Article 666 Weibo Article 667 Weibo Article 668 Weibo Article 669 Weibo Article 670 Weibo Article 671 Weibo Article 672 Weibo Article 673 Weibo Article 674 Weibo Article 675 Weibo Article 676 Weibo Article 677 Weibo Article 678 Weibo Article 679 Weibo Article 680 Weibo Article 681 Weibo Article 682 Weibo Article 683 Weibo Article 684 Weibo Article 685 Weibo Article 686 Weibo Article 687 Weibo Article 688 Weibo Article 689 Weibo Article 690 Weibo Article 691 Weibo Article 692 Weibo Article 693 Weibo Article 694 Weibo Article 695 Weibo Article 696 Weibo Article 697 Weibo Article 698 Weibo Article 699 Weibo Article 700 Weibo Article 701 Weibo Article 702 Weibo Article 703 Weibo Article 704 Weibo Article 705 Weibo Article 706 Weibo Article 707 Weibo Article 708 Weibo Article 709 Weibo Article 710 Weibo Article 711 Weibo Article 712 Weibo Article 713 Weibo Article 714 Weibo Article 715 Weibo Article 716 Weibo Article 717 Weibo Article 718 Weibo Article 719 Weibo Article 720 Weibo Article 721 Weibo Article 722 Weibo Article 723 Weibo Article 724 Weibo Article 725 Weibo Article 726