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孕妇缺钙有什么症状表现 孕妇缺钙对胎儿的影响

发布日期：2021-12-28 15:14:05编辑：森林

钙质是人体重要的元素之一，孕妇如果缺钙会造成孕妇腿抽筋、腰腿酸痛，缺钙严重的甚至会导致骨质疏松症，并且对胎儿的骨骼发育也会有影响，因此孕期发现缺钙时一定要及时科学的补钙。其实，孕妇缺钙的话是可以通过一些症状表现来发现的。接下来让我们一起来看看孕妇缺钙有哪些症状表现吧。
一、孕妇缺钙有什么症状表现
1、小腿抽筋：大部分孕妇到了5个月左右的时间，夜间睡觉的时候，很容易出现小腿抽筋的情况。每次抽筋小腿疼痛难忍，一旦疼醒了，就再也睡不着了。注意了当身体缺钙，小腿抽筋情况就会更加明显。
 
2、牙齿变松：牙齿的组成成分的主要元素是钙质，一旦身体缺钙，牙齿就会出现不适，比如说牙齿松动，感觉牙齿要掉了一样。孕妇到了中后期的时候，钙元素的需求量很大，如果不及时补充钙质，那么牙齿就容易出现问题。孕妇在没有嚼食坚硬食物，也没有撞到牙齿的话，发现牙齿出现了松动。那么需要注意了，这是缺钙的表现，必须要尽早补钙。
 
3、妊娠期高血压综合征：缺钙与妊娠期高血压疾病的发生的有一定的关系，如果你被妊娠期高血压困扰，也许你该警惕起来了。
 
4、关节、骨盆疼痛：如果钙摄取不足，为了保证血液中的钙浓度维持在正常范围内，在激素的作用下，孕妇骨骼中的钙会大量释放出来，从而引起关节、骨盆疼痛等。
二、孕妇缺钙对胎儿的影响
要知道钙质的缺失是很容易影响到孕妇和胎儿的，而且孕妇缺钙的话，就可能会出现钙代谢的平衡失调，钙是维持神经功能和肌肉伸缩力的重要物质，那么孕妇缺钙对胎儿的影响主要有哪些。
 
主要影响是会影响骨骼和牙齿发育，如身材矮小、骨骼发育异常、出牙迟、牙齿排列不整齐等。有的还会导致新生儿出生后易得先天性喉软骨软化病。当新生儿吸气时，会出现先天性的软骨卷曲，而且，新生儿还可能患上颅骨软化、方颅等佝偻病。更重要的是，由于钙对新生儿的智力与神经系统发育起着十分重要的作用，所以缺钙会直接影响孩子将来的智力发育。同时，缺钙的新生儿免疫系统差，出生后会体弱多病。因此准妈妈们在怀孕期间一定要补充所需的钙。
 
而且在孕期钙的有效补充对于胎儿的意义是十分重大的，孕妈必须要引起足够的重视。要及时得去医院检查缺钙情况，若缺钙严重必须要及时的进行补充，以免对胎儿造成不可预知的由于缺钙造成的不良后果。
三、孕妇如何科学补钙
随着现在优生优育观念的普遍，孕期补钙是一个十分普遍的现象，今天我就来说一下孕期科学补钙的具体方法：
 
1、补钙的最佳时间，应该是在晚饭后、睡觉前，注意要距离睡觉有一段的时间，最好是晚饭后休息半小时，因为血钙浓度在后半夜和早晨最低，晚饭后、睡觉前最适合补钙。
2、少量多次补钙，效果相对要好，孕产妇在服用钙片的时候，应该选择含钙量相对小的钙片，每日两次或三次分开来补，这样补钙的效果要好些。
 
3、在补钙的同时，还要注意维生素D的补充。我们经常说维生素D与钙是孪生兄弟，它可以增加钙的吸收和利用，但服用也要适量，过量服用可能会导致副作用。
 
4、还有就是要注意膳食营养，含钙比较丰富的食物，包括奶制品，它是钙最好的来源。除了含钙量丰富以外，它里面还含有丰富的乳糖，可以促进钙的吸收。此外大豆、海产品、坚果、绿叶蔬菜，也是钙的一个良好来源，孕产妇应该适当多食用一些。
 
5、除了口服补钙及饮食上的改善以外，孕妇应该尽量保证适量的户外活动。户外活动可以获得更多的日照时间，每天如果在阳光充足的室外，活动半小时左右，基本可以满足一天维生素D的需要。而维生素D我们刚才讲了，可以促进钙的吸收和利用，当然，活动的本身还有一个好处，就是有利于钙在骨骼和牙齿上的沉积。
最后提醒大家，整个孕期对于钙质的需求都是非常大的，如果缺钙会对胎儿的生长发育造成严重影响，所以尽量不要在已经严重缺钙时再补，应该提前做好预防，在专业医生或者专业营养师的指导下，进行科学补钙。
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