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torch检查是什么 torch检查多少钱

发布日期：2024-07-09 10:37:54编辑：胖虎爱撩妹

　　在孕前很多妈妈们都会做torch检查，torch检查可以有效防止怀孕期间出现流产，胎儿畸形等情况。那么大家具体知道torch检查是什么?torch检查多少钱?
 
　　torch检查是什么
 
　　TORCH是指可导致先天性宫内感染及围产期感染而引起围产儿畸形的病原体，它是一组病原微生物的英文名称缩写，其中T(Toxopasma)是弓形虫，O代表其他微生物(others，如柯萨奇病毒、梅毒螺旋体、微小病毒、乙肝病毒等)，R(Rubella.Virus)是风疹病毒，C(Cytomegalo.Virus)是巨细胞，H(Herpes.Virus)即是单纯疱疹I/II型。
 
　　这组微生物感染有着共同的特征，即可造成母婴感染。孕妇由于内分泌改变和免疫力下降易发生原发感染，既往感染的孕妇体内潜在的病毒也容易被激活而发生复发感染。孕妇发生病毒血症时，病毒可通过胎盘或产道传播感染胎儿，引起早产、流产、死胎或畸胎等，以及引起新生儿多个系统、多个器官的损害，造成不同程度的智力障碍等症状。特别在怀孕初的三个月胚胎处于器官形成期，此时受病毒感染，可破坏细胞或抑制细胞的分裂和增值。器官形成期以后感染病毒，可破坏组织和器官结构，并可形成持续感染，出生后继续排毒，能引起相应的病变。
 
　　TORCH检查什么时候做
 
　　最好在孕前3-6个月进行TORCH检查。
 
　　torch检查什么
 
　　torch检查什么：弓形虫
 
　　对人类危害最大的是先天性弓形虫病。孕妇感染急性弓形虫病时，不论有无临床症状，弓形虫均可通过胎盘传给胎儿，直接影响胎儿的发育，致畸严重，甚至死亡。弓形虫是一种细胞内寄生虫，有两种虫体：一是滋养体，在人体内能在各种细胞(红细胞除外)迅速增殖;一种为包囊，在眼、脑和肌肉等缓慢增殖，呈球状包囊体，在免疫力下降时包囊破出，侵入邻近细胞，引起局部组织坏死和炎症反应。
 
　　感染症状表现
 
　　孕妇感染弓形虫90%没有症状，其余10%孕妇感染弓形虫病的临床表现急性为主：
 
　　1、淋巴结炎为常见，全身或局部淋巴结肿大。
 
　　2、淋巴结炎伴有其他器官受损，包括眼，脑，耳，肺，心，脾，肝，肾，腺体，骨骼肌及皮下组织。
 
　　3、全身性感染：较少见慢性期病程一年以上，可表现为脉络膜视网膜炎。
 
　　先天性弓形虫病的临床表现
 
　　1、弓形虫感染发生在孕早期可引起胎儿死产、流产;
 
　　2、在怀孕中期会出现死胎早产和严重的脑眼疾病;
 
　　3、若在胎龄7-9个月，胎儿可发育正常，但可有早产，或出生数月数年后才逐渐出现症状，
 
　　主要表现有：①神经系统表现如脑积水或小脑畸形，视网膜脉络膜 及其他眼损伤，精神病等;②眼部表现可累计双眼常侵犯脉络膜视网膜而发生视网膜脉络膜炎，其发生率占先天性弓形虫病的40%-80%;③智力低下和精神障碍;心脏，肝脏损害及其他。
 
　　诊断标准
 
　　1、IgM阳性一般代表近期感染或继发活动感染。
 
　　2、IgG抗体则可持续数年甚至终生，若无4倍以上升高则表示既往感染。
 
　　3、脐血IgM抗体阳性，既可诊为先天性感染。
 
　　torch检查什么：巨细胞病毒
 
　　巨细胞病毒CMV在正常人群普遍感染，我国CMV感染率大约在90%左右。CMV属疱疹病毒科是最大的动物病毒之一，侵入人体后长期存在。
 
　　婴儿的围产期感染
 
　　胎儿出生时通过产道接触有巨细胞感染的宫颈分泌物或出生后通过母乳而感染称为围产期感染。
 
　　1、围产期感染的健康足月儿
 
　　绝大多数无症状极少数可有神经性 耳聋,脉络膜视网膜炎,小头畸形等。潜伏期1-3月。
 
　　2、围产期感染的未成熟儿及病儿
 
　　危害大，可引起神经肌肉损伤等，可发生巨细胞肺炎。
 
　　孕期检查
 
　　1、妊娠早期血清中出现抗CMV-IgM者可视为原发感染。
 
　　2、抗CMV-IgG从阴性转为阳性可表明为原发感染。
 
　　3、若早期只有抗CMV-IgG，在中晚期出现抗CMV-IgM时可诊断为复发感染。
 
　　4、我国孕龄妇女抗CMV-IgG的检出率在90%以上，血清单项抗CMV-IgG类抗体阳性只能说明既往感染。
 
　　5、若IgG第一次检测为阳性，在病程中血清抗CMV-IgG滴度呈4倍或4倍以上增高可考虑为复发或再感染。
 
　　torch检查什么：风疹病毒
 
　　风疹是一种临床症状轻预后良好的病毒性传染病，是造成胎儿先天畸形的主要原因之一。人是风疹病毒的唯一宿主，一经感染能终身免疫，可以注射风疹疫苗获得免疫。
 
　　风疹的典型症状是经过16-18天潜伏期，出现轻度发热，卡他，皮疹，耳后及颈部淋巴结肿大。皮疹有"三日麻疹"之称。病毒通过胎盘感染胎儿形成先天性感染，称为先天性风疹综合症(CRS)，其症状最常见的是白内障，耳聋及心血管系统缺损，称为(CRS)三联症。有些CRS症状出生后数周甚至数年内才逐渐表现出来。风疹感染发生在孕期越早，胎儿的致畸也越严重。
 
　　诊断标准
 
　　1、IgM抗体提示处于感染期，出疹后4-5日IgM100%阳性，持续1-2个月。
 
　　2、IgG抗体则代表既往感染。
 
　　3、如IgM抗体阴性，IgG抗体阳性，则比较两次抗体滴度，无变化说明单纯既往感染，若第一次高于第二次且明显高于正常人说明第一次采血前有近期感染，若第二次高于第一次，说明以前感染过，近2个月又有重复感染，应密切注意。
 
　　torch检查什么：单纯疱疹
 
　　成人HSV抗体阳性率为70%-80%，一般孕妇HSV抗原检出率为8%左右。胎儿感染主要是由于孕妇原发性感染而引起，原发性感染的临床表现常比较重，伴全身反应。但子宫颈疱疹症状较少。妊娠头8周受染可发生流产及先天畸形如小脑、颅内钙化、脑积水等多器官畸形，智力低下等。孕晚期以后感染可以引起胎死宫内、胎儿生长迟缓等。
 
　　临床表现
 
　　1、全身播散型主要为内脏受侵，肝炎、肺炎、心包炎等;
 
　　2、中枢神经系统感染型主要为脑膜炎等;
 
　　3、单纯疱疹型主要为皮肤、眼睛或口腔等处单纯疱疹。三型中以前两型多见，死亡率为80%和30%。
 
　　诊断标准
 
　　1、若血清IgM阳性，即可认为是新感染的病人。
 
　　2、IgM抗体阳性常提示为原发感染。
 
　　3、复发或再感染时，发病前和发病后一般抗体可阳性。
 
　　torch检查多少钱
 
　　TORCH检查包括风疹病毒、巨细胞病毒、弓形体和单纯疱疹病毒等项目的检查，女性可自主选择接受抽血化验筛查。TORCH检查费用约在一百至两百元之间，不同地区不同医院的收费情况不同，建议女性直接咨询当地医院。
 
　　以上就是：torch检查是什么 torch检查多少钱的全部内容，大家在孕前最好是做这方面的检查，这既是对自己的身体负责，也是对未来的宝宝负责!
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