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0-3岁专注力培养方案 妈妈必看

发布日期：2025-01-14 16:33:02编辑：秩名


　　很多妈妈都经历过这样的场景：
 
　　正要打开故事书给孩子念一段，却不知道孩子什么时候抓了个玩具在玩;看他正玩得起劲，下一秒却又想去找别的玩具了;吃饭的时候，孩子老是坐不住，没有一点防备，孩子就跑到别的地方去了，也不知道他的小脚怎么可以跑这么快……
 
　　这时候你可能会有点郁闷：孩子的专注力怎么这么差，是不是有多动症啊?
 
 
 
　　别着急，或许你只是不够了解孩子而已，孩子的专注力可不像成人的这么好。一般来说，3岁以下孩子的专注力有着以下的特点：
 
　　一岁以下的宝宝：集中注意力的时间不超过15秒;
 
　　一岁半的宝宝：对有兴趣的事物，可集中注意力5分钟以上;
 
　　2岁的宝宝：集中注意力的平均时间约为7分钟;
 
　　3岁的宝宝：注意力平均时间约为9分钟。
 
　　从以上的数据看来，3岁内宝宝的注意力持续时间很短。正因为它非常短暂，我们才需要格外注意保护好宝宝的专注力。但现实中，很多妈妈却不知不觉地破坏着孩子的注意力，成为孩子专注于某件事情中的干扰因素：
 
　　1、担心孩子饿了渴了，不断递食物
 
　　孩子正玩得起劲，大人却担心孩子饿了渴了，一会儿递食物，一会儿递水;夏天在一旁给孩子擦汗，冬天在一旁给孩子加衣……
 
　　这画面是否又让你感到很熟悉了?其实孩子的专注力就那么几分钟，此时给孩子递这递那的，真的不合适，也没有必要。就不能稍停一下，让孩子安安静静玩几分钟么?
 
　　2、孩子玩耍的时候，在一边“热心”指导
 
　　记得朵朵小的时候，有一次在客厅搭积木，邻居家的小哥哥看到朵朵搭得很慢，于是就在一边“热心”指导起来。眼看房子就要搭好了，朵朵却转身玩别的东西去了。
 
　　很多时候，我们也会犯这样的错误，干扰孩子的专注力，不给孩子思考的空间，这样孩子能专注于一件事才怪。
 
　　3、给孩子准备太多的玩具，眼花缭乱
 
　　不少妈妈为了让孩子玩得开心，通常会准备很多玩具任孩子挑选，甚至玩具从来都没有固定的收纳位置，扔得到处都是，这样也不利于培养孩子的专注力。
 
　　如果孩子的面前仅仅有积木，孩子可能会搭得很起劲。但如果除了积木以外，还有电子狗、音乐盒、电动车、玩具小飞机……这样孩子在搭积木的过程中，要是遇到了一点小困难，很可能就会放弃积木去玩别的玩具了。
 
 
 
　　以上提到的做法，都会在无形中扼杀了孩子的专注力。有人说，孩子的专注力不是培养出来的，而是“被保护”出来的。孩子专注于一件事情的时候，会有以下的表现，这时候你就不要在一边当孩子注意力的“破坏王”了：
 
　　1、神情专注
 
　　当孩子专注于某件事情的时候，最明显的表现就是孩子的神情非常专注，眼手均集中在该事物上，“屏蔽”了外界的其他事物。
 
　　2、持续性
 
　　专注性的另一个特点是持续性，孩子在这个时间段内，不干别的事情，全部的心思都在这一件事上面。
 
　　3、伴有思考的过程
 
　　孩子专注于这个事件的过程中，会伴有思考的过程。遇到困难了，孩子会不断尝试，想办法解决。
 
　　问题来了，孩子看电视的时候非常专注，且持续的时间很长，这样有利于培养孩子的专注力吗?
 
　　No!孩子看电视的过程只是被动接受信息的过程，大脑皮层的活跃状态非常低，更别说思考问题了!
 
 
　　既然孩子的专注力是从小就开始形成的，那么如何让孩子拥有更好的专注力呢?
 
　　1、良好的家庭气氛
 
　　如果家庭人口多，谈话聊天的声音不断，或经常开着电视机;父母经常吵架，家庭气氛压抑……这样的环境别说孩子，就连大人都无法静下心来。
 
　　对策：为孩子提供一个安静舒适轻松的家庭环境，让孩子专注于自己喜欢的事情。
 
　　2、不要打断宝宝的游戏过程
 
　　前面提到，游戏过程中不断干扰孩子，不利于宝宝养成集中注意力的习惯。
 
　　对策：孩子玩耍的过程中，大人可以做别的事情，也可以在一旁静静陪伴，总之不要打扰!
 
　　3、以兴趣培养注意力
 
　　兴趣是最好的驱动力，每个孩子在自己感兴趣的事情上总是能专注比较长的时间。
 
　　对策：尊重孩子的兴趣，顺应孩子的兴趣，只要是有益、安全的游戏，不管孩子怎么探索、重复多少遍都可以。别勉强孩子玩他不喜欢的游戏。
 
　　4、不要一次性提供太多玩具
 
　　玩具太多，孩子玩耍的过程中容易分心。
 
　　对策：孩子的玩具应当有个固定收纳的地方，培养孩子收纳玩具的习惯。每次提供给孩子的玩具不宜过多，两三种即可。
 
　　5、选择运动型游戏
 
　　纽约大学的儿童心理专家LoriEvans研究表明，运动型游戏更容易吸引孩子。
 
　　对策：结合孩子的年龄、运动能力水平，和孩子玩运动型的游戏。
　　6、可以引导，但是不能指导
 
　　孩子有时候放弃一个游戏，并不是因为不感兴趣，而是因为太难了，自己没有办法完成游戏的任务。
 
　　对策：这时候，父母可以加入进来，引导孩子。例如，告诉孩子有哪些可以尝试的办法，让孩子通过“试错”的办法，完成游戏的任务。
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