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聪明爸妈get育儿NG法，宝贝健康成长不NG！

发布日期：2024-07-29 13:49:22编辑：胖虎爱撩妹

　　育儿就像是一场不停歇的接力赛，为了让孩子赢在起跑线，父母们可谓是绞尽脑汁，势要让孩子走在人前。不过，对于孩子来说，0-3岁是生长发育的黄金期，也是一生的奠基阶段，聪明爸妈应懂得张弛有度，遵循孩子的自然发展规律，不能一味“GO”，而要适时“NG”，孩子才能又快又稳地健康成长。
 
　　【NG育儿法·衣篇】全身包紧更安心？
 
　　很多新手爸妈都会习惯性的用被子或者包巾将小宝宝包裹起来，甚至沿用民间流传已久，被称为“蜡烛包”的包裹方法，认为更保暖安心，还能有效预防罗圈腿，因此多包一点时间也没关系。确实，由于刚出生的宝宝神经系统发育不完善，当受到外来声音、摇动等刺激后容易出现“惊跳反射”，全身包紧可以缓解宝宝离开母体的不适，给予足够的安全感。但是，2个多月后宝宝的“惊吓反射”逐渐消失，此时再包裹会妨碍婴儿的四肢活动，造成感觉统合失调。更关键的是，由于宝宝体温调节不完善，过度包裹还有发生“捂热综合征”的风险，甚至危及生命。而且现代医学证实，代代相传的“蜡烛包”并不能预防“罗圈腿”。
 
　　专家点评：包裹孩子应以保暖、舒适、宽松、不松包为原则，当宝宝已经感觉不舒适了就应该及时撤掉，毕竟最好的安全感莫过于父母的怀抱。同理，孩子满月后也没有再包手套的必要，应该让他学习用手探索这个陌生的环境。
 
　　【NG育儿法·食篇】从小吃成人饭菜？
 
　　宝宝添加辅食一段时间后，很多家长为了图省事，会让孩子和自己吃一样的饭菜，觉得味道丰富能提高食欲，锻炼咀嚼能力。但是，宝宝的咀嚼能力较弱，没有充分分解的食物会增加肠胃负担，导致消化不良等问题的出现。而且，大人饭菜中往往会添加很多调料，在宝宝味觉发育时期，摄入过重口味的食物，容易影响正常饮食偏好，养成偏食挑食的不良习惯，宝宝成年后患心脏病、高血压、肥胖症等疾病的风险也会提升。如果宝宝摄入盐含量超标，还会影响钙质吸收，造成发育迟缓，导致孩子免疫力下降，引发各种疾病。另外，遇到纤维粗的蔬菜或不易咀嚼的肉菜，宝宝容易被食物噎住、呛住致使呕吐或窒息。
 
　　专家点评：每个孩子的生长发育速度有差，宝宝的饮食何时可以向大人的食物过渡，咀嚼能力的强弱是关键。家长应遵照从细到粗、从稀到稠、从少量到多量、从一种到多种的原则逐一添加辅食，增强其适应性。另一方面，宝宝的消化能力也很重要，家长要密切观察宝宝是否有呕吐、腹泻等消化不良的症状，如有异常应及时咨询医生，不要盲目添加。
 
　　【NG育儿法·住篇】超净环境少生病？
 
　　在人们的印象中，“细菌”是引起许多疾病的罪魁祸首，如果宝宝身上有一点不干净的地方，家长们就会立即对其进行清洁，并且总是禁止宝宝碰这碰那，里里外外还要彻底消毒，希望给孩子营造一个“无菌”环境。殊不知，在超净环境中成长的孩子一旦走出安全区，没有经过良好训练的免疫系统会变得不堪一击，反而更易遭受病菌感染。孩子的免疫系统并不是天生的，而是在成长过程中一次次被“侵犯”后逐渐完善起来的。少量病菌逐渐进入人体后，能帮助促进免疫系统识别、进化乃至成熟，使宝宝逐渐铸成强大的免疫屏障，从而提高抗病能力。而过度使用消毒用品，也会破坏人体的正常菌群平衡，导致机体免疫功能紊乱，增加感冒、过敏、腹泻、便秘等疾病风险。
 
　　专家点评：有时候孩子“脏”一点能“敲打”免疫系统，自然而然的增强抵抗力。除此之外，适度锻炼、充足睡眠以及均衡营养都是提高孩子抵抗力不可缺少的一部分，尤其是容易被父母忽视的关键营养--维生素AD的补充。维生素A是维持呼吸道和消化道上皮细胞完整性，构成人体第一道免疫防线的关键营养，能帮助抵制外来致病菌的入侵，增强抗病能力。此外，维生素A还能促进体液中吞噬细胞的吞噬能力，对进入体液的病原体和异物能够及时识别并清除，形成了人体的第二道免疫防线，除此以外，维生素A和维生素D对免疫系统也有着重要的促进作用，不但能促进抗体生成，还能增强免疫细胞活性，提高机体特异性免疫功能，维生素AD共同构成了人体的第三道免疫防线。因此，维生素AD对宝宝的免疫力非常重要，不但能防御外来病原体入侵，还能及时清除进入体内的病原体。
 
　　【NG育儿法·行篇】早站早走发育快？
 
　　能站会走是孩子成长过程中里程碑式的存在，有些心急的父母总是希望孩子能走在同龄人前面，早早学会站立走路。实际上，这不仅违背了宝宝正常的生长发育规律，还有可能带来不小的伤害。因为过早让宝宝学习站立或走路，使宝宝较软的骨骼过早地承担身体重量，会影响骨盆及肢骨正常形状的形成，不利于宝宝脊柱正常生理弯曲的发育，也不利于正常步态的养成，容易形成“八字步”。除了少数有发育异常的宝宝外，绝大多数宝宝都不需要父母的过分干预和保护，适度引导即可。
 
　　专家点评：每个孩子都有自己的生长节奏，早两个月晚两个月是正常现象，与其关注横向对比，不如进行纵向对比，观测孩子的生长速度。骨骼发育是关系孩子一生的大事，父母务必慎之又慎，注意保护的同时及时提供充足营养，除了家长们熟知的“钙+维生素D”这对黄金组合，能促进钙质吸收利用，增加基础骨量，使骨骼横向变粗；决定长骨生长速度的维生素A更是关键角色，它不但能促进软骨细胞发育，还能促进生长激素的分泌，帮助骨骼纵向生长。因此，父母从宝宝出生起重视并科学补充维生素AD（如妈妈们熟悉的伊可新），至少坚持服用到宝宝3岁。
 
　　育儿不是横冲直撞，而是有节奏、有策略、有方法的前行，与科学育儿为伴，宝宝的健康成长之路才能不NG！
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