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终于怀孕了，准爸准妈太幸福了

发布日期：2024-07-02 09:48:40编辑：秩名


有一天，一个女孩风风火火地推开我的诊室门，不顾我还有其他患者，就开始大呼小叫：“余阿姨，坏了坏了，我的病又反复了，月经又不调了。”
 
我啼笑皆非地暗示她还有其他患者，希望她能等一会儿。她这才看见旁边还有人，吐吐舌头退了出去。
 
她是女儿的朋友，在咨询不孕时，最直观的症状是月经不调。后来经过诊断，她患有卵巢多囊样改变。她的治疗过程也算比较顺利，经过半年月经已经恢复正常了，按理说不应该反复啊，除非这小丫头不知道天高地厚，又熬夜加班，累得内分泌紊乱了。
 
等叫她进来时，她已经啃上了苹果。
 
“门诊上吃东西，多么不卫生啊！”我微微宠溺地责备着她。
 
“最近不知道怎么回事，老爱饿，又吃不多，但过会儿就饿……哦，对了，余阿姨，差点忘记正事。我又推迟半个月了还没来例假，最近老腰酸，总以为快来了，就是不来……我保证，阿姨，我保证没有熬夜、没有长途旅游，对自己一如既往地照顾……您不许批评我！”
 
我宠溺地笑着，看她在那耍宝。
 
“您赶紧给我看看到底是咋回事呢？我真没出去玩去！真的。但一天还是睡不醒……”
 
等她吧啦吧啦絮叨完了，我已经将一张开好的化验单放在了她的面前：“行了，赶紧吃，吃完了去验孕，十有八九怀上了。”
 
“不会吧！哪有那么神奇？”她不以为然地继续啃着苹果，“之前努力了3年都没怀上，现在哪能一下子怀上，不可能！余阿姨，您别逗我了，您真以为您是送子娘娘呢？我刚跟您说，我们俩早都准备好了再奋斗3年。”
 
我对于她的大大咧咧早已习以为常，只是微笑着看着她把一个大苹果三下两下啃完，然后去化验。我记得当初女儿怀孕时，也是这样好胃口。
 
半个小时左右，她再次风风火火地冲了进来，声音却高了八个分贝：“娘哎！余阿姨您真的神了！加号，真的是加号！您再帮我看看，是不是我看错了。神呐！您真的是送子娘娘，妙手回春啊……”
 
我再次示意她还是有其他患者。
 
这次她可没有那么自觉，主动跟其他患者搭讪：“妹妹，我跟你说，你找余阿姨可算是找对了，我3年没怀上，3年呢！你看，转眼功夫这就有了！对了，你也帮我看看，是加号吗？”
 
那位患者也被她的好心情所感染，笑眯眯地确认道：“没错，是加号，你看下面不还写着呢嘛，早孕！”
 
“啊！真的啊！不好意思啊，妹妹我加个塞，就问一句。余阿姨，我现在还要做什么？是上外面等您帮我开药吗？”
 
“是的，你还需要化验下激素水平，如果正常，就在家安心养着。”
 
她终于心满意足地安静下来，退出了诊室。
 
实际上，早孕有很多症状，最直观的就是停经。但由于不孕患者中，经常会因为其他原因而存在月经不调或闭经的状况，因此，也很难确定停经就一定代表着怀孕了。
 
简单地说，在受精后不久，胎盘滋养层细胞就会分泌一种人绒毛膜促性腺激素（HCG），是由受孕女性体内胎盘产生的一种糖蛋白类激素，在孕妇的尿液中大量存在，可通过肾小球从尿液中排出。而在非妊娠女性尿液中几乎不含有HCG。
 
那么，此时就需要早孕试纸的帮助。事实上，现在很多医院的验孕方法也都是采用早孕试纸，早孕试纸的问世给诊断早孕带来了很大的便利。女性怀孕的第7天，尿液中就能测出一种特异性的激素——人绒毛膜促性腺激素（简称HCG），它的作用是有利于维持妊娠。
 
在一般情况下，将尿液滴在试纸上的检测孔中，如在试纸的对照区出现一条有色带（有的试纸显红色，有的试纸显蓝色），表示未受孕，反之，如在检测区出现明显的色带，则表示阳性，说明发生妊娠。这种检测具有快速、方便、灵敏、特异性高的优点，可避免与HCG有类似结构的其他糖蛋白激素引起交叉反应。HCG一般在受精卵着床几天后才出现在尿液中，而且要达到一定量才能被检出。因此，对于平时月经正常的女性需在月经推迟后才可能在尿中检测出HCG。
 
但某些内分泌疾病、肿瘤（包括葡萄胎、绒癌、支气管癌、肾癌、子宫内膜增生）等病人，因尿中HCG含量较高，也可能出现阳性结果。
 
值得注意的是，育龄女性出现停经，不能仅仅依靠一次早孕纸自测来判断自己是否妊娠。最可靠的还是及时到医院进行全面检查，尤其是弱阳性者，以便尽早采取措施。尤其是在怀疑子宫异位、异常妊娠时，应结合其他方法进行诊断。
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