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孕前的全身体格检查有必要做嘛?具体是做哪些检查?

发布日期:2024-06-19 10:05:42编辑:秩名


全身体格检查是什么

社会压力逐渐的增加让很多人都越来越重视自己的身体健康,很多人开始关注全身体格检查。
 
全身体格检查的意思就是全面的身体体格检查。为了了解受检者的健康状况、早期发现疾病线索和健康隐患,针对未病、初病或将病的健康或亚健康人群的体检,称为全身体格检查,也叫做健康检查。
 
全身体格检查不同于一般的公司体检和学校体检,全身体格检查的要求比较高。想要达到完整的全身体格检查结果,在检查的时候必须遵循以下的要求。
 
1、检查的内容(项目)全面并且有系统性。
 
2、检查有一定的顺序,一般从头部开始到足部结束。
 
3、遵循全身检查的内容和顺序形成自己的体检习惯。
 
4、在检查的时候医生要一边想一边查,并且要记住要点。
 
5、医生要掌握时间进度,被检查者要配合。
 
6、特殊情况在遵守原则的情况下可以灵活安排。
 

全身体格检查有哪几项

全身体格检查,那么检查的部位就很多了,具体有哪些呢?在医学诊断学里面,全身体格检查主要包括肝功能及“两对半”,血常规检查,血流变,肾功能,风湿三项,肝、胆、胰腺B超,尿常规,胸透,内科,外科,妇科,男科等12个项目。下面我们来看看这些项目的具体内容。
 
1、肝功能及“两对半”:这项检查需空腹,肝功能主要是用于了解肝脏的功能情况,“两对半”则是查有无乙肝感染,二者检查的内容不同,可以互相补充。
 
2、血常规检查:通过采血化验,检查受检者的血细胞及血液其他成分如血脂等含量是否符合标准,确定营养状态、部分免疫功能、血液凝固功能等,进而判断受检者是否有某些疾病。
 
3、血流变:对疾病有预报性,如动脉硬化、高血压、冠心病、心绞痛、心肌梗塞、糖尿病、脑血管等疾病。
 
4、肾功能:用于急慢性肾炎、肾病、尿毒症、肾衰竭等疾病的检查。
 
5、风湿三项:类风湿性关节炎,在风湿病的病程中对风湿活动与否是一个很好的观察指标。
 
6、肝、胆、胰腺B超:对肝胆的形态、肝胆肿瘤、胆囊结石等有重要诊断价值。
 
7、尿常规:检查尿液,主要反映泌尿系统有无感染、肿瘤等情况。
 
8、胸透:胸腔透视,主要是检查心肺情况,特别是对无症状的早期肺部肿瘤,这是最佳初筛手段。
 
9、内科:听诊触诊等,检查内脏是否有病变。
 
10、外科:包括五官,听力,身体生长情况等。
 
11、妇科:通过阴道检查和白带化验,诊断有没有妇科疾病。
 
12、男科:前列腺常规检查,有无前列腺炎及前列腺癌。
 

全身体格检查的顺序

全身体格检查不像普通检查一样,它是有一定的顺序的。通常在医院医生都会按照一定顺序给被检查者检查身体。规范的逻辑顺序,可以加快医生检查的功效效率,也可以减少被检查者的不适合和体位的变动。
 
全身体格检查的顺序基本是按照从头部到脚部进行的,特殊情况除外。
 
在全身体格检查的顺序中,还分为卧位患者和坐位患者的顺序,它们检查的顺序有所区别。
 
卧位患者的全身体格检查顺序:
 
一般情况和生命征→头颈部→前、侧胸部(心、肺)→(患者取坐位)后背部(包括肺、脊柱、肾区、骶部)→(卧位)腹部→上肢、下肢→肛门直肠→外生殖器→神经系统(最后站立位)。
 
坐位患者的全身体格检查顺序:
 
一般情况和生命征→上肢→头颈部→后背部(包括肺、脊柱、肾区、骶部)→(患者取卧位)前胸部、侧胸部(心、肺)→腹部→下肢→肛门直肠→外生殖器→神经系统(最后站立位)。
 
分段、按步骤的检查顺序可以方便而且集中的让检查顺利完成,并且在检查的过程中,被检查中仅仅有两三次的体位变化,提升了效率。
 

全身体格检查要多少钱

价钱往往是消费者最关心的大问题之一。全身体格检查听起来是全身的检查,貌似要花很多钱。但是具体的价格是多少呢?全身体格检查的检查项目很多,但是每个地方医院因为套餐不同,价格上会有比较大的差别。一般来说,全身体格检查的价格会在500元左右。
 
一般常规的检查价格在250元左右。常规检查中包括:化验(乙肝五项,丙肝,血脂,血糖);心电图;胸透;B超(肝,胆,脾,胰,肾);耳鼻喉、口腔、眼科;内科;外科;乳腺科(女)。
 
常规检查还分为不同的套餐,有些人只需要检查一部分,并不需要全部的项目都检查。下面我们看看具体项目的参考价格。
 
血常规:10元—20元。
 
肝功能(三项)+两对半:50元左右。
 
胸部透视(不用拍片,透视看一看):20元左右。
 
尿常规:10元左右。
 
腹部B超:40元—50元。
 
心电图检查:50元左右。
 
一般情况下做以上的检查就可以了,如果是女性还可以多加一个乳腺B超。
 
妈网百科温馨提示:地区差异,每个医院的价格有所不同,具体价格请到医院进行咨询。
 

全身体格检查前要注意什么

为了达到较好的参考数据,在进行全身体格检查之前,每个人都需要注意一些事项。只有注意以下的事情,才能够提供有价值的数据,医生带能够对症下药。
 
1、女性体检前避免性生活,24小时之内不能冲洗阴道。
 
2、怀孕女性不能做射线类及宫颈刮片等检查项目。
 
3、妈网百科提醒,体检时穿比较宽松的衣服,方便检查。
 
4、检查之前的两天,饮食最好要清淡一些,不吃肝、猪血等脂肪高的食物,不喝酒。
 
5、检查前一天晚上注意休息,晚上8点之后禁食,不做剧烈的运动,保证睡眠良好。
 
6、糖尿病、高血压、心脏病等慢性病患者,体检前不要擅自停药,药物携带备用。
 
7、做妇科检查前应排空小便,未婚女士不宜做妇检,已婚女士月经期间不宜做妇科检查及尿检。
 
8、检查当天早上不吃早餐,可以喝少量水,空腹采血、空腹B超。
 
9、做子宫、附件、膀胱、前列腺B超检查者,需憋尿至膀胱完全充盈状态再作检查(最好是不排晨尿,缩短憋尿时间)。
 
妈网百科温馨提示:为了达到检查的效果,最好遵循以上的意见。在检查期间注意贵重物品的保管。
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