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宝宝说只会一个一个字说该怎么办？

发布日期：2024-07-24 13:28:37编辑：秩名


为什么他只说一个字？

 
宝宝学说话已经很久了，可是到现在他还是只会一个字一个字往外蹦，组不成词，更连不成句。遇到这种情况，作为家长，要不焦虑真的很难。尤其是当看到同龄的宝宝都已经“能说会道”时，家长的焦虑就会成倍地增长。为什么小家伙只说一个字呢？当他只说一个字时，我们又当如何面对？
 

※宝宝只说一个字，家长不淡定了※

 
刚开始“冒话”的时候，不少宝宝都是一个字一个字地往外蹦。你让他叫“阿姨”，他很卖力很认真地看着阿姨来上一个字：“阿！”看到妈妈下班，他很兴奋，立刻嚷嚷起来：“妈！”“抱！”看到好吃的，问他吃不吃，他大喊：“吃！”拿起一颗草莓，告诉他那是“草莓”，他立刻模仿：“莓！”
 
第一次听到宝宝说出一个字，我们还欣喜无比：“嘿，小家伙终于会说话了！”但是，一段时间之后，如果小家伙还是一个字一个字地说话，不组词，不成句，看起来就没多大长进，于是不少家长开始焦虑：我们家宝宝不会是语言发展落后吧？虽然大家都说宝宝总有这个阶段，我们也难免会拿他跟别的宝宝比较：“谁谁跟他一样大，甚至谁谁比他还小，已经会说不少话，是不是我们家宝宝智力发育不如别的宝宝呢？”即便有人安慰说这一切也都是正常现象，我们还是会在心里继续盘算：“我要怎样才能教宝宝学话，让他尽快学会完整地表达自己呢？”
 
须知，宝宝语言的发育个体差异比较大。有的宝宝1岁左右开始说话，到2岁，几乎什么话都会说了；有的宝宝语言发育则显得比较“缓慢”，2岁过了，还只会蹦单字，3岁左右才能比较好地表达需求。宝宝在语言发展方面存在的这种差异性，与其智商高低没有必然的联系。那些说话早的宝宝将来未必更聪明，那些说话晚的宝宝也未必就更笨拙。爱因斯坦小时候语言发育比同龄宝宝迟缓很多，但是，他依旧成为爱因斯坦，无人匹敌。
 
既然宝宝语言发育存在这样的差异性，即便宝宝总是用单字表达，只要我们确认没有给予宝宝一个有缺憾的语言环境，我们也尽可以气定神闲，坦然面对。
 

※宝宝喜欢单字表达的不同原因※

 
●语言关键期的必然特征
 
宝宝学习语言需要经历一个积累的过程。只有积累到一定程度，他的语言能力才会爆发。在积累阶段，他更多地是在听、在吸收。因此，我们说什么，宝宝都会有意无意地聆听。通过听，他积累了大量的语音信息。随即，他将这些发音与其实际意义联系起来，这才逐渐理解了语言。在掌握一定的语言素材之后，宝宝会尝试发出这些声音来表达自己的需求。但是，因为发声器官还在发育中，在表达自己的时候，他常常会遇到困难。只能发出单个字的音便是他最常遇到的困难之一。随着发声器官发育成熟，宝宝自然会发出更多的音，说出更多的话来。
 
●语言环境单一，语言素材积累不足
 
如果宝宝所处的语言环境单一，抚养人跟他说话少，他又缺乏与其他人互动的机会，宝宝就无从接收足量的语言信息，语音素材积累不够，表达自己的能力也会受到制约。这种单个字单个字蹦的情形就会延续更长的时间。
 
●宝宝觉得不需要“多说”
 
若抚养人在与宝宝互动时，对宝宝照顾过于细致，以致宝宝根本就无需表达自己的需求，他的需求就被擅长“察言观色”的抚养人敏感地察觉到，并急速给予满足，那么，他就无需去表达自己，他的语言发育也会比同龄的宝宝显得迟缓些。
 
●家长矫枉过正，宝宝抵触学习
 
还有一种情形，如果家长对宝宝单个字单个字蹦反应过于激烈，总是给宝宝施加压力，或自以为淡定，总在通过各种方式试图“教”宝宝说话，宝宝也会很抵触学习说话这件事，甚至更加不乐意去开口表达，也会延缓宝宝语言发育的进程。
 

※让宝宝爱上表达的好方法※

●抛开不讨巧的“催养”式教育
 
有些性急的家长为了让宝宝尽快掌握语言，甚至会面对面看着宝宝，要求他对口型，逐字逐词逐句地模仿。殊不知，这样的方式是最辛苦又最不讨巧的。不仅如此，如此机械的方式还可能引发宝宝学习语言的抵触情绪，适得其反。为什么我们就不能放慢节奏，顺应宝宝的成长步伐呢？抛开那些“我怕他跟不上”的念头吧，教育是一个慢养和细养的过程。
 
●为宝宝提供丰富的语言环境
 
实际上，对宝宝来说，学习语言是一个自然而然的过程，就像花要开、种子要发芽一样不可阻挡，根本就无需我们费尽心力去做功课。只要我们给宝宝提供一个丰富的语言环境，他自然就会捕捉、吸收相关的信息，并将其内化成自己的语言素材。这些素材积累到一定程度，在他有需求的时候，无需我们提醒，他自然就会尝试利用他掌握的素材去表述。
 
只要我们在日常生活与游戏中，自然而然地描述我们的所见所闻所感所触，这些与当时情景密切相关的语言活动就会刺激宝宝的大脑，使他们对那些发音产生兴趣，进而尝试去模仿与重组。
 
●积极赏识，给予宝宝学习的正能量
 
当宝宝发出某些声音时，不管这个声音有意义还是无意义，我们都要给予赏识。如此，宝宝发声的积极性才被调动起来。倘若我们足够智慧，利用各种机会拓展一些充满趣味的声音游戏，宝宝就会更加享受这项学习语言的活动，他的语言表达能力也就有了大幅提升的机会。
 
举例来说，如果宝宝偶尔发出了“草莓”这两个字，我们就可以赏识的态度看待宝宝，并继续拓展：“草莓。”“红色的草莓。”“吃草莓。”“吃很多草莓。”“宝宝吃草莓。”“妈妈吃草莓。”“大家都来吃草莓。”带着游戏的意味这样去拓展，因为每一句话都有宝宝感兴趣的词汇，同时又带入了一些新的词汇，宝宝自然就会对其产生兴趣。并且，当我们没有压力地去玩这个游戏时，宝宝也会享受其中。当宝宝的大脑处于兴奋状态的时候，他的吸收能力、游戏的积极性都被激发、被放大，如此，便事半功倍了。
 
学习语言对宝宝来说是一件如此有趣、如此自然的事情，即便宝宝总是用单字表达，只要我们确认没有给予宝宝一个有缺憾的语言环境，就尽可以气定神闲，坦然面对。
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